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Western societies do have an unusual focus on competition (eg in education, work, consumption, sex life...) which has been noted by anthropologists. Most social groups have more focus on cooperation, and I think there'd be less competition in anarchic societies. Competitive games have a particular vibe which is not always fun and which tends to mix up ego-boosts with the pleasures of activity. The whole situation where people are alienated from bodily pleasures and then use willpower to remould the mody for performance or in line with norms (thin for women, muscular for men) is completely tied-up with alienation and the domination of ego and superego over desire IMO. Not that there's anything wrong with fitness or health but a disalienated body has spontaneous motility, it isn't clay to be moulded.

Team competition can actually be good for ingroup cohesion (cf. the Sherif et al robbers' cave experiments) but relies on some degree of us/them, though it's sublimated in the Freudian sense, and in some ways an effective way of taming warlike impulses (which can be a good or bad thing depending on perspective). It's also a good way of simulating warlike conditions. I've experimented with creating more cooperative variants of boardgames and versions where players cooperate to (say) solve a scrabble puzzle; there's also games where humans compete as a team against computers. It certainly creates a different vibe.

Also wanna add a little snipe that growing food and driving trains are not "narratives". Thomas the Tank Engine is a narrative, but he won't get you very far. Just sayin.